EMILY ESFAHANI SMITH ~ THE POWER OF MEANING ~ 2017

~ WLHM-ITO-L-O-DQ-T-P-HEAAATA-II-TMIQOA ~ Whether Life Has Meaning – Is The Only – Life-Or-Death Question – That – Philosophy – Has Ever Asked And Attempted To Answer – It Is – The Most Important Question Of All

~ WLFREOTW-A-SOAU-B-TWI-C/D/S ~ We Long For Rational Explanations Of The World – And – Seek Order And Unity – But – The World Is – Chaotic / Disordered / Senseless

~ TFPOM:B/P/S/T ~ The Four Pillars Of Meaning: Belonging / Purpose / Storytelling / Transcendence

~ ASOB-CIA-TMIDOM ~ A Sense Of Belonging – Clocks In As – The Most Important Driver Of Meaning

~ P-NMT-FAS-T-LFAHL-TNN-LAC-TN-TBTS ~ People – Need More That – Food And Shelter – To – Live Full And Healthy Lives – They Need – Love And Care – They Need – To Belong To Someone

~ AS-PASLTWFAN-A-MTIFO-T/P/C ~ Across Society – People Are Spending Less Time With Friends And Neighbors – And – More Time In Front Of – Television / Phone / Computer

~ SE-I-ATTM ~ Social Exclusion – Is – A Threat To Meaning

~ TSMOR-CKTMOOAC-AEA-TSMOBCBIU ~ The Smallest Moment Of Rejection – Can Knock The Meaning Out Of A Connection – As Easily As – The Smallest Moment Of Belonging Can Build It Up

~ C-LATCO-B ~ Compassion – Lies At The Center Of – Belonging

~ MGT-HAT-IOFIT-LML-TMCT-S/T/C-TLWT-A-UTFTBOO ~ Many Great Thinkers – Have Argued That – In Order For Individuals To – Live Meaningful Lives – They Must Cultivate The – Strengths / Talents / Capacities – That Lie Within Them – And – Use Them For The Benefit Of Others

~ ETMTTCBMPWTBTPYL ~ Even The Most Tedious Tasks Can Be Made Purposeful When They Benefit The People You Love

~ NAOUW-FOC-B-TDMWC-FP ~ Not All Of Us Will – Find Our Calling – But – That Doesn’t Mean We Can’t – Find Purpose

~ EOUHA-COP-F/C/W-WLWCI-TALECLB ~ Each Of Us Has A – Circle Of People – Families / Communities / Work – Whose Lives We Can Improve – That’s A Legacy Everyone Can Leave Behind

~ OSIEFAD-SNAHS:TNTMSOTW-SAPEWICTDOI-UWWAAHWGTW ~ Our Storytelling Impulse Emerges From A Deep-Seated Need All Humans Share: The Need To Make Sense Of The World – Stories Are Particularly Essential When It Comes To Defining Our Identity – Understanding Who We Are And How We Got That Way

~ O-S-TTFOTM-EE-OOL-GAB-B-TATETWNTMSO-TATETSU ~ Our – Stories – Tend To Focus On The Most – Extraordinary Events – Of Our Lives – Good And Bad – Because – Those Are The Experiences That We Need To Make Sense Of – Those Are The Experiences That Shape Us

~ T-O-OA-RS-I-A-‘CS’ ~ The – Opposite – Of A – Redemptive Story – Is – A – “Contamination Story”

~ WAATAOOOSACCTCTWWTT ~ We Are All The Authors Of Our Own Stories And Can Choose To Change The Way We’re Telling Them

~ BWAFMISTBO ~ But We Also Find Meaning In Stories Told By Others

~ A-BWM-WUTS-BAGWOA-DARR-O-ITHDR-CTU ~ A – Brush With Mystery – Whether Underneath The Stars – Before A Gorgeous Work Of Art – During A Religious Ritual – Or – In The Hospital Delivery Room – Can Transform Us

~ TE-CL-D-SP-W-Y-STTCAPUTGIWTUMUWAOLMF-WDSBROTPO-B/P/S/T-ITPAS-WBATLOTWAS-B-I-TPCOFAAROAST-WCRTTBESAMR ~ Traumatic Experiences – Can Leave – Deep – Sometimes Permanent – Wounds – Yet – Struggling Through Them Can Also Push Us To Grow In Ways That Ultimately Make Us Wiser And Our Lives More Fulfilling – We Do So By Relying On The Pillars Of – Belonging / Purpose / Storytelling / Transcendence – If Those Pillars Are Strong – We’ll Be Able To Lean On Them When Adversity Strikes – But – If – The Pillars Crumble Or Fall As A Result Of A Shattering Trauma – We Can Rebuild Them To Be Even Stronger And More Resilient

~ VRE-A-FBOP-DNLT-HB-B-SAT-W-D-IHUMBO-IER-T-SD-EWIUH ~ Venting Raw Emotions – And – Falling Back On Platitudes – Does Not Lead To – Health Benefits – But – Sustained And Thoughtful – Writing – Does – It Helps Us Move Beyond Our – Initial Emotional Reactions – To – Something Deeper – Expressive Writing Is Uniquely Healing

~ COM ~ Cultures Of Meaning

~ HMIL-HBAW-L-BIF-A-MGMITB ~ Having Meaning In Life – Has Been Associated With – Longevity – Better Immune Functioning – And – More Gray Matter In The Brain

~ WT-SOD-OLPTCTT-L-A-M-ICABA-C-FTTWO-ATHNDB-TMOTL ~ While The – Specter Of Death – Often Leads People To Conclude That Their – Lives – Are – Meaningless – It Can Also Be A – Catalyst – For Them To Work Out – As They Have Never Done Before – The Meaning Of Their Lives

SHOSHANA ZUBOFF ~ HOW IS IT THAT THIS MARKET FORM HAS BEEN ABLE TO SUCCEED? ~ THE AGE OF SURVEILLANCE CAPITALISM ~ 2019

~ U-IWITRTWIWTDFATHGB ~ Unprecedented – It Was Impossible To Recognize The Ways In Which They Differed From Anything That Had Gone Before

~ DAI-TC-AIRTBOA-TTOEATIID-TCOOADOTUOTD-TPSATTKUIOIP-A-TIOTCOLRFTO ~ Declaration As Invasion – The Corporation – Asserted Its Rights To Bypass Our Awareness – To Take Our Experience And Transform It Into Data – To Claim Ownership Of And Decisions Over The Uses Of Those Data – To Produce Strategies And Tactics That Keep Us Ignorant Of Its Practices – And – To Insist On The Conditions Of Lawlessness Required For These Operations

~ HC-SCFSITNZTEGROBWT-T-‘WOT’-STGAFPTS ~ Historical Context – Surveillance Capitalism Found Shelter In The Neoliberal Zeitgeist That Equated Government Regulation Of Business With Tyranny – The – “War On Terror” – Shifted The Government’s Attention From Privacy To Surveillance

~ F-SRWEAAO ~ Fortifications – Strong Relationships With Elected And Appointed Officials

~ TDC-AIAP ~ The Dispossession Cycle – Audacious Incursions Are Pursued

~ D-FS-TMO-SP-BCWTMO-BM ~ Dependency – Free Services – The Means Of – Social Participation – Become Coextensive With The Means Of – Behavioral Modification

~ S-I-N-O-FT/P/C/C-WRDO-TPI ~ Self-Interest – Networks – Of – Fellow Travelers / Partners / Collaborators / Customers – Whose Revenues Depend On – The Prediction Imperative

~ I-WSM-E/S/C-F-SOOI-LA-AI-CFLA-LAR-P ~ Inclusion – With So Much – Energy / Success / Capital – Flowing – Standing Outside Of It – Let Alone – Against It – Can Feel Like A – Lonely And Risky – Prospect

~ I-MP-IWAA-SC-A-RTA-RM ~ Identification – Many People – Identify With And Admire – Surveillance Capitalists – And – Regard Them As – Role Models

~ A-AOTF-G-TNF-S-TMABR ~ Authority – Authorities On The Future – Geniuses – The Naturalistic Fallacy – Successful – They Must Also Be Right

~ SP-AECOBR ~ Social Persuasion – An Endless Cascade Of Beguiling Rhetoric

~ FA-T-‘DONA’ ~ Foreclosed Alternatives – The – “Dictatorship Of No Alternatives”

~ I-N-IF-P-A-STNP-WFI-R ~ Inevitablism ~ New – Institutional Facts – Proliferate – And – Stabilize The New Practices – We Fall Into – Resignation

~ TIOHF-AW-T-F-HM-AWIAIONTROIOF ~ The Ideology Of Human Frailty – A Worldview – That – Frames – Human Mentation – As Woefully Irrational And Incapable Of Noticing The Regularity Of Its Own Failure

~ I-IIITUSTHB-CIS-A-DAFI ~ Ignorance – It Is Impossible To Understand Something That Has Been – Crafted In Secrecy – And – Designed As Fundamentally Illegible

~ V-FITDIRT ~ Velocity – From Invention To Domination In Record Time

SHOSHANA ZUBOFF ~ THE AGE OF SURVEILLANCE CAPITALISM ~ 2019

~ HOE-IT-DF ~ Home Or Exile – In The – Digital Future

~ HOE?-LOS?-MOS?-TAETO-K-A-A-P-TCNBSFAT-TINEOH;EGMAIWAIANTRUTRTCIEA ~ Home Or Exile? – Lord Or Subject? – Master Or Slave? – These Are Eternal Themes Of – Knowledge – Authority – And – Power – That Can Never Be Settled For All Time – There Is No End Of History; Each Generation Must Assert Its Will And Imagination As New Threats Require Us To Retry The Case In Every Age

~ WCTNWFTMWIWIEOCAP-B-IHB-WNTO-A-D-A-V-ATSOAPFSA ~ We Celebrate The Networked World For The Many Ways In Which It Enriches Our Capabilities And Prospects – But – It Has Birthed – Whole New Territories Of – Anxiety – Danger – And – Violence – As The Sense Of A Predictable Future Slips Away

~ ‘MOBM’-SC-BANSOP-I-IP-KASHBTOE ~ “Means Of Behavioral Modification” – Surveillance Capitalism – Births A New Species Of Power – Instrumentarianism – Instrumentarian Power – Knows And Shapes Human Behavior Toward Others’ Ends

~ SC-QRTTCDATW-A-TD ~ Surveillance Capitalists – Quickly Realized That They Could Do Anything They Wanted – And – They Did

~ SCACATETTIIMFFB-UAIKATPTATK-VDONK-FU-B-NFU ~ Surveillance Capitalism’s Actual Customers Are The Enterprises That Trade In Its Markets For Future Behavior – Unprecedented Asymmetries In Knowledge And The Power That Accrues To Knowledge – Vast Domains Of New Knowledge – From Us – But – Not For Us

~ SC-IA-RFDB-NEI-T-DSN-A-NT-ER-AW-IA-TAETTVPOA-DS ~ Surveillance Capitalism – Is A – Rogue Force Driven By – Novel Economic Imperatives – That – Disregard Social Norms – And – Nullify The – Elemental Rights – Associated With – Individual Autonomy – That Are Essential To The Very Possibility Of A – Democratic Society

~ JAICFATEONANTTCUTE-AICSBSCAINIP-WTATEOHNAWTTCUUH ~ Just As Industrial Civilization Flourished At The Expense Of Nature And Now Threatens To Cost Us The Earth – An Information Civilization Shaped By Surveillance Capitalism And Its New Instrumentarian Power – Will Thrive At The Expense Of Human Nature And Will Threaten To Cost Us Our Humanity

~ TU-OEFSCMTFATA:IIU-TUINU-WWESU-WAIITTLOFC-TRIPTWIU-ICBAGWOEC ~ The Unprecedented – One Explanation For Surveillance Capitalism’s Many Triumphs Floats Above The All: It Is Unprecedented – The Unprecedented Is Necessarily Unrecognizable – When We Encounter Something Unprecedented – We Automatically Interpret It Through The Lenses Of Familiar Categories – Thereby Rendering Invisible Precisely That Which Is Unprecedented – It Cannot Be Adequately Grasped With Our Existing Concepts

~ TI-DNE-TAA-E-M-N-E-IT ~ Technological Inevitability – Does Not Exist – Technologies Are Always – Economic – Means – Not – Ends – In Themselves

~ ADO-EDG-HFTMT-PAONE-A-T-EI-TIP-TMPHCTFEFTF-E-RAV-ATOR ~ A Decade Of – Explosive Digital Growth – Had Failed To Mitigate The – Punishing Austerity Of Neoliberal Economics – And – The – Extreme Inequality – That It Produced – Too Many People Had Come To Feel Excluded From The Future – Embracing – Rage And Violence – As Their Only Remedies

~ ‘TRTBF’ ~ “The Right To Be Forgotten”

~ FE-UT-OE-T-FACOPC-T-PTIFPC ~ Financial Elites – Use Their – Outsized Earnings – To – Fund A Cycle Of Political Capture – That – Protects Their Interests From Political Challenge

~ CSNBER-IIMTB-C-B-ADSAII-B-RCIA ~ Capitalism Should Not Be Eaten Raw – It Is Meant To Be – Cooked – By – A Democratic Society And Its Institutions – Because – Raw Capitalism Is Antisocial

~ TPOV-SA-F-NA-B ~ The Patterns Of Violations – Signalled A – Feature – Not A – Bug

~ CTTSOTI ~ Challenges To The Sanctity Of The Individual

~ TRTTFT-A-TRTS ~ The Right To The Future Tense – And – The Right To Sanctuary

~ WHYTI-TP-A-NFO-CA-TEA-TPRTAHF ~ We Have Yet To Invent – The Politics – And – New Forms Of – Collaborative Action – That Effectively Assert – The People’s Right To A Human Future

~ NAIIWOI ~ Not All Information Is Worthy Of Immortality

~ BS ~ Beharioral Surplus

~ BM ~ Behavioral Modification

~ WHBRA-WM-‘DE’-WA-A-CE ~ What Had Been Regarded As – Waste Material – “Data Exhaust” – Was Quickly – A – Critical Element

~ BVRC-BD-A-RITIOTPOS-W-RAS-STALAMCU-T-RM-THBSUT-IQ-WNABPTUITSO-TATIU ~ Behavioral Value Reinvestment Cycle – Behavioral Data – Are – Reinvested In The Improvement Of The Product Or Service – Was – Rapidly And Secretly – Subordinated To A Larger And More Complex Undertaking – The – Raw Materials – That Had Been Solely Used To – Improve Quality – Would Now Also Be Put To Use In The Service Of – Targeting Advertising To Individual Users

~ BD-AFUB-SI-CA-S-‘UPI’ ~ Behavioral Data – Available For Uses Beyond – Service Improvement – Constituted A – Surplus – “User Profile Information”

~ SC-INA-IRODT-NII-ANEOIC ~ Surveillance Capitalism – Is Not An – Inherent Result Of Digital Technology – Nor Is It – A Necessary Expression Of Information Capitalism

~ UWNLEIT-BR-TMTOE-A-NEL-BO-F-TAS-STGNOP-ILL-A-TLI-TSPOTB ~ Users Were No Longer Ends In Themselves – But Rather – The Means To Others’ Ends – A – New Economic Logic – Based On – Fortune-Telling And Selling – Serving The Genuine Needs Of People – Is Less Lucrative – And – Therefore Less Important – Than Selling Predictions Of Their Behavior

~ TKP-TEOTE-ITROOLABDFTSOO-IC-OU ~ The Key Point – The Essence Of The Exploitation – Is The Rendering Of Our Lives As Behavioral Data For The Sake Of Others’ – Improved Control – Of Us

~ DR-V-BOEKTTIADTM ~ Decisions Rights – Vanish – Before One Even Knows That There Is A Decision To Make

~ BFM-TNPSAOIAA-TS-CBATMOD ~ Behavioral Futures Markets – The New Prediction Systems Are Only Incidentally About Ads – The Systems – Can Be Applied To Many Other Domains

~ DD ~ Digital Dispossession

~ IA-A-ID-T-PHDR ~ Intelligence Agencies – Are – Irresistibly Drawn – To – Privately Held Data Resources

~ LAANR ~ Lawlessness As A Natural Right

~ PK-DFBS-CA-HCWE ~ Predictive Knowledge – Derived From Behavioral Surplus – Could Also – Help Candidates Win Elections

~ GAS-A-M-S-B-SR ~ Goods And Services – Are – Merely – Surveillance-Bound – Supply Routes

~ TDC:I/H/A/R ~ The Dispossession Cycle: Incursion / Habituation / Adaptation / Redirection

~ I-W-A/K/A ~ Incursion – Without – Authorization / Knowledge / Agreement

~ A-SRE-ABPO-M-AC-S-P ~ A – Single Rogue Engineer – A Brilliant Piece Of – Misdirection – A Classic – Scapegoating – Ploy

~ IYANOOM-YDNE ~ If You Are Not On Our Map – You Do Not Exist

~ S-A-A-S ~ Surveillance-As-A-Service

~ WK?/WD?/WDWD?~ Who Knows? / Who Decides? / Who Decides Who Decides?

~ RSC-IAMATTS-AIITC ~ Raw Surveillance Capitalism – Is As Much A Threat To Society – As It Is To Capitalism

~ O-ER-T-TFT-WI-TRTAFOTIOIFT-OOOA-T-I-M-A-C-OB ~ Our – Elemental Right – To – The Future Tense – Which Is – The Right To Act Free Of The Influence Of Illegitimate Forces That – Operate Outside Our Awareness – To – Influence – Modify – And – Condition – Our Behavior

~ UC-INJA-KM-IIA-AM-DTP-MC-AU-A-FT ~ Ubiquitous Computing – Is Not Just A – Knowing Machine – It Is An – Actuating Machine – Designed To Produce – More Certainty – About Us – And – For Them

~ TKTNDOFIP ~ The Knowledge That Now Displaces Our Freedom Is Proprietary

~ OWW ~ Observation Without Witness

~ YAN-TP-YA-TAC-T-‘P’-DFTSTIRFYL ~ You Are Not – The Product – You Are – The Abandoned Carcass – The – “Product” – Derives From The Surplus That Is Ripped From Your Life

~ P-N-OOTMOBM-BO ~ Power – Now – Ownership Of The Means Of Behavioral Modification – Big Other

~ EUHAH ~ Every Unicorn Has A Hunter

~ TMOTBABOANGDTGTTIOTCS ~ Too Many Of The Best And Brightest Of A New Generation Devote Their Genius To The Intensification Of The Click-Stream

~ B-T-F-‘FC’-L/L/M/B ~ Behavior – The – Fourth – “Fictional Commodity” – Land / Labor / Money / Behavior

~ TANINT-D-N-BR-HN ~ The Aim Now Is Not To – Dominate – Nature – But Rather – Human Nature

SHOSHANA ZUBOFF ~ SURVEILLANCE CAPITALISM ~ THE AGE OF SURVEILLANCE CAPITALISM ~ 2019

~ SC-UCHE-A-FRM-F-TIBD-ASOTDAAT-POSI-TRADAA-PBS-FI-AMP-KA-‘MI’-A-FI-PP-T-AWYWD-N/S/L/F-T-PP-ATIANKOMFBP-BFM-M-AET-LBOOFB ~ Surveillance Capitalism – Unilaterally Claims Human Experience – As – Free Raw Material – For – Translation Into Behavioral Data – Although Some Of These Data Are Applied To – Product Or Service Improvement – The Rest Are Declared As A – Proprietary Behavioral Surplus – Fed Into – Advanced Manufacturing Processes – Known As – “Machine Intelligence” – And – Fabricated Into – Prediction Products – That – Anticipate What You Will Do – Now / Soon / Later / Finally – These – Prediction Products – Are Traded In A New Kind Of Marketplace For Behavioral Predictions – Behavioral Futures Markets – Many – Are Eager To – Lay Bets On Our Future Behavior

~ AMP-NOKOB-B-ASOBAX-WT-RFKTP-IINLETAIFAU-TGNITAU ~ Automated Machine Processes – Not Only Know Our Behavior – But – Also Shape Our Behavior At Scale – With This – Reorientation From Knowledge To Power – It Is No Longer Enough To Automate Information Flows About Us – The Goal Now Is To Automate Us

CAROL TAVRIS + ELLIOT ARONSON ~ MISTAKES WERE MADE (BUT NOT BY ME) ~ 2007

~ TETD-S-J-TETPTNTJOAAD-ETWO-ITUF-‘CD’-ASOT-TOWAPHT-C(I/A/B/O)-TA-PI-WEO ~ The Engine That Drives – Self-Justification – The Energy That Produces The Need To Justify Our Actions And Decisions – Especially The Wrong Ones – Is The Unpleasant Feeling – “Cognitive Dissonance” – A State Of Tension – That Occurs When A Person Holds Two – Cognitions (Ideas / Attitudes / Beliefs / Opinions) – That Are – Psychologically Inconsistent – With Each Other

~ DID-B-THTITCEO-ITFW-A-A-WACWSOLTTCOTOEINA ~ Dissonance Is Disquieting – Because – To Hold Two Ideas That Contradict Each Other – Is To Flirt With – Absurdity – And – We Are Creatures Who Spend Our Lives Trying To Convince Ourselves That Our Existence Is Not Absurd

~ IAPVGTADOPE-IOTAS-GOO-T-GOO-B-MA ~ If A Person Voluntarily Goes Through A Difficult Or Painful Experience – In Order To Attain Some – Goal Or Object – That – Goal Or Object – Becomes – More Attractive

~ OWAIIABAHJIW-COMILHW-IMET-S-NE-IAEFADTMJTKIT-TIITCTF ~ Once We Are Invested In A Belief And Have Justified Its Wisdom – Changing Our Minds Is Literally Hard Work – It’s Much Easier To – Slot – New Evidence – Into An Existing Framework And Do The Mental Justification To Keep It There – Than It Is To – Change The Framework

~ OWMAD-WHAKOTAODTBI ~ Once We Make A Decision – We Have All Kinds Of Tools At Our Disposal To Bolster It

~ CLTJTAAE-TSMUTBO-GWBWC-EWMW-LWAEO-POWCBAS-TWIAO-SWCAAC-IATC-A-VC-IS:ABS-J-WBMA ~ Children Learn To Justify Their Aggressive Actions Early – The Same Mechanism Underlies The Behavior Of – Gangs Who Bully Weaker Children – Employers Who Mistreat Workers – Lovers Who Abuse Each Other – Police Officers Who Continue Beating A Suspect – Tyrants Who Imprison And Oppress – Soldiers Who Commit Atrocities Against Civilians – In All These Cases – A – Vicious Circle – Is Created: Aggression Begets Self-Justification – Which Begets More Aggression

~ F-APGACCASOBAC-A-‘VC’-WPDAGD-PWTDIOAWOBC-TWCTSTBOTGIAWL-TDAF-IDWANFTMHH ~ Fortunately – A Person’s Generous Actions Can Create A Spiral Of Benevolence And Compassion – A – “Virtuous Circle” – When People Do A Good Deed – Particularly When They Do It On A Whim Or By Chance – They Will Come To See The Beneficiary Of Their Generosity In A Warmer Light – To Do A Favor – Is Dissonant With Any Negative Feelings They Might Have Had

~ HOSHST-CT-PBOAD-PBOAEYOT-APEARBTC ~ Hundred Of Studies Have Shown That – Compared To – Predictions Based On Actuarial Data – Predictions Based On An Expert’s Years Of Training And Personal Experience – Are Rarely Better Than Chance

~ E-RTD-CBTFF-B-CUWEOWTWHBR-‘IO’-IOTICHNI-IOB-B-B ~ Experts – Reduced The Dissonance – Caused By Their Failed Forecasts – By – Coming Up With Explanations Of Why They Would Have Been Right – “If Only” – If Only That Improbable Calamity Had Not Intervened – If Only Blah-Blah-Blah

~ PWHBST-BT-A-AGITI-B-RATEH-CTD-ED-TWDNSITSE-ITPW-A-DTLIGH-WTTFS ~ People Who Have Been Sorely Tempted – Battled Temptation – And – Almost Given In To It – But – Resisted At The Eleventh Hour – Come To Dislike – Even Despise – Those Who Did Not Succeed In The Same Effort – It’s The People Who – Almost – Decide To Live In Glass Houses – Who Throw The First Stones

~ MEV-I-APFO-S-J ~ Minimizing Ethical Violations – Is – A Popular Form Of – Self-Justification

~ OPCEUDIAHT-TACROBASS-J ~ Ordinary People Can End Up Doing Immoral And Harmful Things – Through A Chain Reaction Of Behavior And Subsequent Self-Justification

~ WAPSOTU-TRTTLSTTAP-LACTTMBO-PITBS ~ When Affluent People Speak Of The Underprivileged – They Rarely Thank Their Lucky Stars That They Are Privileged – Let Alone Consider That They Might Be Overprivileged – Privilege Is Their Blind Spot

~ WCAO-PBS-B-IWAUOT-WMBUR-CELAMFD-IAWNHOV-BIWSCOSJB-BS-EOPAAOP ~ We Cannot Avoid Our – Psychological Blind Spots – But – If We Are Unaware Of Them – We May Become Unwittingly Reckless – Crossing Ethical Lines And Making Foolish Decisions – Introspection Alone Will Not Help Our Visions – Because It Will Simply Confirm Our Self-Justifying Beliefs – Blind Spots – Enhance Our Pride And Activate Our Prejudices

~ OYTTG-NMHS-YWFTUTGSB-EIIO-AF-YA ~ Once You Take The Gift – No Matter How Small – You Will Feel The Urge To Give Something Back – Even If It’s Only – At First – Your Attention

~ JAWCIHIEBO-SWCSPIEBO-TTO-E-P-BS ~ Just As We Can Identify Hypocrisy In Everyone But Ourselves – So We Can See Prejudices In Everyone But Ourselves – Thanks To Our – Ego-Preserving – Blind Spots

~ P-EFTDOTHM-TPAPIIC-S-THUQPNI-TDITS-FODWTCWALA-A-EDBC ~ Prejudices – Emerge From The Disposition Of The Human Mind – To Perceive And Process Information In Categories – Stereotypes – They Help Us Quickly Process New Information – The Downside Is That Stereotypes – Flatten Out Differences Within The Category We Are Looking At – And – Exaggerate Differences Between Categories

~ ASAPHCACC-U-H-TIPEWIIIA-N-U ~ As Soon As People Have Created A Category Called – Us – However – They Invariably Perceive Everybody Who Isn’t In It As – Not-Us

~ BPOT-TA-U/U/I/IM-C/I/S/S/ES/-WAFGOUAHWTT ~ By Persuading Ourselves That – They Are – Unworthy / Unteachable / Incompetent / Inherently Math-Challenged / Immoral / Sinful / Stupid / Even Subhuman – We Avoid Feeling Guilty Or Unethical About How We Treat Them

~ WASIROE-IBSFTICAAA-IS ~ When A Story Is Repeated Often Enough – It Becomes So Familiar That It Chips Away At A Person’s Initial Skepticism

~ FM-APTFTAJTM-B-SAAHP:AITTRFTL ~ False Memories – Allow People To Forgive Themselves And Justify Their Mistakes – But – Sometimes At A High Price: An Inability To Take Responsibility For Their Lives

~ TGATBOOODO-SIT-CG:TGT-I-G-TNTM-TND ~ To Guard Against The Bias Of Our Own Direct Observations – Scientist Invented The – Control Group: The Group That – Isn’t – Getting – The New Therapeutic Method – The New Drug

~ W-BPAAAC-I-AWAICOBAAP-TGMO-AC-N-70%-DNRTPC ~ While – Being Physically Abused As A Child – Is – Associated With An Increased Chance Of Becoming An Abusive Parent – The Great Majority Of – Abused Children – Nearly – 70 Percent – Do Not Repeat Their Parents’ Cruelties

~ C-CLW-S/NC/M-IOOT-SS-T-ARIIFF ~ Contempt – Criticism Laced With – Sarcasm / Name Calling / Mockery – Is One Of The – Strongest Signs – That – A Relationship Is In Free Fall

~ OPCTTAOA-‘WST?’-TBLATAITIDWTP ~ Once People Commit Themselves To An Opinion About – “Who Started This?” – They Became Less Able To Accept Information That Is Dissonant With Their Positions

~ BINCTB-SOR-IC-A-UI-CB-O-P-TIOOTMTDFISP ~ Brutality Is Not Confined To Brutes – Sadists Or Psychopaths – It Can – And – Usually Is – Committed By – Ordinary – People – This Is One Of The Most Thoroughly Documented Findings In Social Psychology

~ TIO-SMNA-PF-TB-DOJ-BA-IAOL-THU-IOW-MBD-G-A-GU ~ The Importance Of – Seeing Mistakes Not As – Personal Failings – To Be – Denied Or Justified – But As – Inevitable Aspect Of Life – That Help Us – Improve Our Work – Make Better Decisions – Grow – And – Grow Up

DONALD SHOUP ~ CONCLUSION ~ THE HIGH COST OF FREE PARKING ~ 2011

~ MFP-DTL-DUF-DTE-A-WMTCBSMPE ~ Mandatory Free Parking – Disfigures The Landscape – Distorts Urban Form – Damages The Environment – And – Wastes Money That Could Be Spent More Productively Elsewhere

~ BWNS-TMWSOP-IASSEIPFI ~ Because We Never See – The Money We Spend On Parking – It Always Seems Someone Else Is Paying For It

~ PWABFWLIPAC-B-IIAGMTTPSBFE ~ Parking Will Always Be Free Where Land Is Plentiful And Cheap – But – It Is A Grave Mistake To Think Parking Should Be Free Everywhere

~ FCP-B-FAVCSOR-C-A-CFP-AC-CP-DWTTCTBWWFACTL-A-ISDT-CT-WF-A-PTA ~ Free Curb Parking – But – Finding A Vacant Curb Space Often Requires – Cruising – And – Cruising For Parking – A Classic – Commons Problem – Drivers Waste Their Time Circling The Block While Waiting For Another Car To Leave – And – In So Doing They – Congest Traffic – Waste Fuel – And – Pollute The Air

~ A-SAFMSFAFCSINAGBFID-I-AC-AA-MCHCA-CFP-I-ATCCOE-GASAO-EVT-WAAAOF-A-PCLOAP

~ Although – Spending A Few Minutes Searching For A Free Curb Space Is Not A Great Burden For Individual Drivers – Its – Aggregate Consequences – Are Astonishing – Many Cities Have Congested Areas – Cruising For Parking – In – All The Congested Cities On Earth – Generates A Stupendous Amount Of – Excess Vehicle Traffic – Wastes An Astronomical Amount Of Fuel – And – Produces Catastrophic Levels Of Air Pollution

~ MNCBH-PLOS-BTTBT ~ Most New Commercial Buildings Have – Parking Lots Or Structures – Bigger Than The Buildings Themselves

~ AT-FP-I-CFC ~ All This – Free Parking – Is – Charity For Cars

~ BPCSMAMPSLFI-THSITG-SSMTSPDATTS-L-UP-TE-A-TE-AITWD ~ Because Parking Costs So Much And Motorists Pay So Little For It – The Hidden Subsidy Is Truly Gigantic – Spending So Much To Subsidize Parking Dramatically Alters The Transportation System – Land-Use Patterns – The Economy – And – The Environment – All In The Wrong Direction

~ AFVOAPPI-T-CSK-NOWIBD-BA-HMICAWWP ~ A Fundamental Virtue Of Any Public Policy Is – Transparency – Citizens Should Know – Not Only What Is Being Done – But Also – How Much It Costs And Who Will Pay

~ TSOFPINT:TSFII-NJHBAH ~ The Source Of Free Parking Is Not Transparent: The Subsidy For It Is – Not Just High But Also Hidden

~ APITSBLUIC-IHMTBAPOSE-ARRTAP ~ Although Parking Is The Single Biggest Land Use In Cities – It Has Managed To Become Always Part Of Something Else – A Right Rather Than A Privilege

~ STNMWABTSTMMRASEI-B-TNOPWACIS-A-TPPIES ~ Saddling The Nonmotoring Minority With A Burden To Subsidize The Motoring Majority Raises A Serious Equity Issue – But – The Number Of People With A Complaint Is Small – And – Their Political Power Is Even Smaller

~ PR-HAHOOUC-TITCAAP-DUF-DUD-IHC-LH-DTUE-HTCBD-A-PPF-TAIEC ~ Parking Requirements – Have A Host Of Other Unintended Consequences – They Increase Traffic Congestion And Air Pollution – Distort Urban Form – Degrade Urban Design – Increase Housing Costs – Limit Homeownership – Damage The Urban Economy – Harm The Central Business District – And – Penalize Poor Families – They Also Increase Energy Consumption

~ P-ME-PRFELU-B-TH-AN-TOD-THTEHMPSAR-‘N’-TDK-H-PRHBASBTWB-AS-TCTTWA-HTPRWE ~ Planners – Must Establish – Parking Requirements For Every Land Use – But – They Have – Almost No – Theory Or Data – To Help Them Estimate How Many Parking Spaces Are Really – “Needed” – They Do Know – However – Parking Requirements Have Been Around Since Before They Were Born – And So – They Continue The Tradition Without Asking – How The Parking Requirements Were Established

~ S-FPATNFP-HEW-WNM-87P-OAOT-BC ~ Self-Fulfilling Prophecies About The Need For Parking – Help Explain Why – We Now Make – 87 Percent – Of All Our Trips – By Car

~ P-IOOTMHRAOULU-A-TRAOB ~ Parking – Is One Of The Most Heavily Regulated Aspects Of Urban Land Use – And – The Regulations Are Often Bewildering

~ ICBT-CMPFCP-A-STRT-IN-FGAUTVTEADAPRFTCOUDMOTACR-DCSP-TJHTP-A-TRBE ~ If Cities Begin To – Charge Market Prices For Curb Parking – And – Spend The Revenue To – Improve Neighborhoods – Future Generations Are Unlikely To View This Enclosure As Diminishing Anyone’s Personal Responsibility For The Community Or Unfairly Dispossessing Motorists Of Their Ancient Commoning Rights – Drivers Can Still Park – They Just Have To Pay – And – The Results Benefit Everyone

~ B-TCOFPAE-A-TB-TMOET-ASIC ~ But – The Costs Of Free Parking Are Enormous – And – The Benefits – The More One Examines Them – Are Small In Comparison

~ FCP-HSID-A-IHTG ~ Free Curb Parking – Has Served Its Day – And – It Has To Go

~ T-SOP-LB-PP-AOE-A-CWOA-ATO ~ The – Spectrum Of Possibilities – Lying Between – Private Property – At One End – And – A Commons With Open Access – At The Other

~ NOWTPFP-TWNC-B-WWTPFA?-WPFTBWHT-NBWWT-A-RRTTMN-WCA-NC-WWTCFCP ~ No One Wants To Pay For Parking – That Will Never Change – But – Who Wants To Pay For Anything? – We Pay For Things Because We Have To – Not Because We Want To – And – Returning Revenue To The Metered Neighborhoods – Will Create A – Necessary Constituency – Who Want To Charge For Curb Parking

~ GTPOCPRWDAWOG ~ Getting The Price Of Curb Parking Right Will Do A World Of Good

~ WCA-E-S/E/E-B-AANC-SB-S-PAP-N-PAC ~ We Can Achieve – Enormous – Social / Economic / Environmental – Benefits – At Almost No Cost – Simply By – Subsidizing – People And Places – Not – Parking And Cars